When you’re building or remodeling your home, choosing the right roof is one of the most important decisions you’ll make. The choice of roof matters because it affects the look of your home, its durability, energy efficiency, and long-term maintenance.
So, let’s review all the different types of roofs, roofing materials, and what each one is best for!
Types of Roofs
Homeowners commonly choose between a few main types of roof designs based on needs and the aesthetic they want for their house:
Flat Roofs
A flat roof is what it sounds like—it’s a roof that’s mostly flat or has a very slight slope (usually just 1-2%) to help with water drainage. These roofs often cover commercial buildings, but they’ve also become popular in residential homes in cities or minimalist, modern places.
Advantages of Flat Roofs
Many choose flat roofs because they are:
- Cost-effective. Flat roofs are often cheaper to install than other roofs. Since they need fewer materials and are quicker to install, you save on both labor and materials. Plus, repairs and maintenance are usually less expensive because of the simpler design.
- Modern. They give homes a sleek, contemporary feel that matches the clean lines and open spaces that are typical in modern architecture. If you’re after a trendy, modern aesthetic, a flat roof is a great choice.
- Rich in usable space. One cool perk of flat roofs is that they offer usable space on top of the house. You can turn this area into a rooftop deck, garden, or even an outdoor living room. In cities where outdoor space falls short, a flat roof gives a valuable area for relaxation and entertainment.
- Easy to access. Flat roofs are easier to access than pitched roofs, so maintenance and inspections are much more convenient. Cleaning gutters or checking HVAC systems, you don’t need fancy equipment or harnesses. You can walk right onto the roof to do the job.
- Energy efficient. In warmer climates, flat roofs help with energy efficiency because they don’t trap heat like pitched roofs and keep your home cooler. They’re also great for installing solar panels or green roofs, both of which can reduce your energy expenses.
Disadvantages of Flat Roofs
But there are also disadvantages of flat roofs that don’t fit all houses and owners:
- Water drainage issues. With flat roofs, water doesn’t drain as easily as it does on pitched roofs. Because of their minimal slope, water can pool and, if not managed, cause leaks or water damage.
- Shorter lifespan. Flat roofs don’t last as long as pitched roofs. They have a lifespan of about 15-25 years, while pitched roofs last 30 years or more, depending on the materials.
- Not ideal for snowy areas. Flat roofs are a bit tricky in places with heavy snow. The snow piles up, adding a lot of weight to the roof, which increases the risk of damage. If you live in an area that gets a lot of snow, you’ll need to remove it to avoid problems.
- Insulation challenges. Flat roofs are harder to insulate, especially in colder climates. Since there’s less space for insulation, homes with flat roofs may lose more heat in the winter, which could lead to higher heating costs.
Pitched Roofs (Sloped Roofs)
In contrast, a pitched roof has a steep slope and a triangular shape. This is the classic roof design for most residential homes. The slope makes it easier for rain, snow, and debris to slide off, preventing any buildup. Pitched roofs are often found in suburban and rural areas and look more traditional.
Advantages of Pitched Roofs
Some perks of having a pitched roof include:
- Better water drainage. Since water doesn’t have a chance to pool, there’s less risk of leaks, water damage, or structural issues.
- Longer lifespan. Pitched roofs are very durable and last anywhere from 30 to 50 years (or even longer). Whether you go with asphalt shingles, metal, or tiles, a pitched roof will serve you for a long time.
- More insulation space. One of the key benefits of pitched roofs is the extra space they have for insulation. A pitched roof’s added insulation maintains a cozy, warm temperature in winter and cooler temperatures during summers.
- Classic aesthetic. Pitched roofs feel like the quintessential home style. They’ve been around for centuries and have classic, traditional, or rustic architecture. Their sharp angles and depth bring character and charm to a house.
- Increased attic space. Because of the way a pitched roof is designed, it creates extra attic space. This extra space can serve for storage, or in some cases, it can even become a living area like a loft or an extra bedroom.
Disadvantages of Pitched Roofs
Sometimes, you wouldn’t want to install this type of roof because of these disadvantages:
- Higher installation costs. Pitched roofs are more expensive to install compared to flat roofs. The steeper angle needs more materials, and the complexity of the design means it takes more labor to build.
- Difficult to access. Due to their steep slope, pitched roofs are harder to access for repairs or regular maintenance. Homeowners or contractors usually need special equipment, ladders, or safety harnesses to get the job done.
- Limited design options for modern homes. While pitched roofs are great for traditional homes, they might not fit the bill for those who want a sleek, modern look. Modern architecture tends to favor clean lines and minimalist designs, which flat roofs are better suited for.
Gable Roofs
A gable roof is a classic design with two sloping sides that meet at a peak in the middle, creating a triangle shape at each end of the house. Their simple yet effective design is super versatile and fits on all sorts of homes, from traditional to more modern styles.
There are a few different versions of the gable roof, each with its own little twist, but they all keep that basic triangular shape:
- Front gable roof has the gable at the front of the house, usually right above the front door. It gives the entrance a welcoming look and is typical in many traditional homes.
- Side gable roof places the gable on the side of the house, making it a simple and popular choice. It works well with almost any home.
- Crossed gable roof features two gables that meet at a right angle, adding some extra depth and visual appeal to the roofline. It’s great for homes that want a more complex and dynamic look.
- Dutch gable roof is a blend of a gable and a hip roof, which gives a stylish appearance and adds extra attic space.
- Gambrel gable roof is a choice for barn-style homes. The gambrel gable has two slopes on each side, with the lower slope being steeper than the upper one. It gives a rustic feel while maximizing attic space.
Advantages of Gable Roofs
Gable roofs have a simple, classic look that works with nearly every home style. There are lots of ways to customize gable roofs like a front gable for a bold look, a cross gable for added dimension, or a Dutch gable for something unique. And there’s more:
- Great for water and snow drainage. The steep slope lets rain, snow, and debris slide off easily to avoid leaks and water damage.
- Better ventilation. The design of gable roofs creates a lot of attic space, which, when paired with gable vents, improves airflow.
- Cost-effective. Gable roofs are generally cheaper to install than more complex roof designs. Their straightforward structure means fewer materials and less labor, so the total cost is lower.
- Extra attic or living space. Since the steep pitch of a gable roof creates extra attic space, you can plan a playroom, home office, or guest room.
- Wind resistance (when built right). When constructed right, gable roofs handle moderate wind speeds. Proper bracing and framing prevent any wind damage, and if you live in an area prone to strong storms, you can reinforce the roof with hurricane straps for extra security.
Disadvantages of Gable Roofs
Despite all the perks, gable roofs aren’t perfect:
- Vulnerable to high winds. In areas that get a lot of hurricanes or strong winds, gable roofs can still be vulnerable. The triangular shape acts like a sail, increasing the risk of wind damage.
- Less visual variety. While gable roofs are versatile, they might not have the same dramatic impact as more complex roof designs like mansard or hip roofs. If you’re looking for something really eye-catching, a gable roof might feel a little basic in comparison.
Hip Roofs
A hip roof is another classic roof style, but unlike a gable roof, it has four sloping sides instead of two. These sides come together at the top to form a ridge, creating a more uniform, pyramid-like shape. Hip roofs are stable and sleek in design and a popular choice for many types of homes.
Advantages of Hip Roofs
Hip roofs are highly regarded for their practicality and look. Here’s why they’re a solid choice:
- Sturdy and stable. With four slopes, the roof resists strong winds, which is especially useful in areas with frequent storms or high winds.
- Great for water drainage. The sloping sides allow rain, snow, and debris to slide off to avoid leaks and water damage.
- Good for insulation and energy efficiency. The enclosed design of a hip roof helps with insulation, too, keeping the house cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter.
- Increased curb appeal. A hip roof has a polished, symmetrical appearance, which gives extra visual appeal to the home.
- More attic space. Since the design slopes in four directions, you might have more usable space in the attic.
Disadvantages of Hip Roofs
Even with all their advantages, hip roofs do have a few downsides:
- More expensive to build. Hip roofs are expensive to install due to their complex design and the extra materials needed.
- More maintenance. With more slopes, there are more areas to inspect for leaks or damage.
- Less attic space than gable roofs. While hip roofs offer more attic space than some other types of roof, they don’t provide as much space as a gable roof would, for example.
- Challenging to customize. Customization options may be more limited, especially if you’re going for a very unique or modern look.
Mansard Roofs
A mansard roof is a distinctive, elegant design that features four sloping sides, with the lower part of each slope being much steeper than the upper part. These roofs have a unique look with a lot of space in the upper levels of the house.
Mansard roofs often remind of French architecture and are a popular choice for homes that need extra living space.
Advantages of Mansard Roofs
Mansard roofs are charming and practical. Here are a few reasons why they might be the right choice for you:
- Extra living space. The design of the mansard roof allows for a full extra floor, as the steep lower slopes create extra space in the upper level.
- Classic and stylish look. They can elevate the aesthetic of your home and give it a sophisticated, old-world charm.
- Customizable appearance. Mansard roofs adapt to fit the look of your home. You can adjust the angles of the slopes to create the desired aesthetic, and there are many material options to give it a personalized feel.
Disadvantages of Mansard Roofs
While mansard roofs have many benefits, they do come with a few challenges:
- More expensive to build. Mansard roofs are costly to install because of their complex design. The steep lower slopes require more materials and labor, so they are pricier than simpler roof designs.
- Higher maintenance costs. You’ll need to keep an eye on both the steeper lower slopes and the flatter upper part, which is harder to inspect and repair.
- Limited headspace in the upper floor. The upper part of the mansard roof sometimes limits headroom. Depending on the pitch, you may not get as much usable space as you might expect, especially in areas near the edges of the roof.
- Vulnerable to weather damage. The flat upper portion of the roof is more prone to water pooling and leaks if not designed well.
- Complex designs are challenging for some homes. Mansard roofs aren’t suitable for every architectural style. If you have a modern home or one with a very minimalist design, a mansard roof might feel out of place and clash with the rest of the house’s aesthetic.
Types of Roof Materials
Picking the right roofing material is half the success. It affects everything from your roof’s durability to how it looks. Take a look at the most popular roofing materials and where they work best:
Rolled Roofing
It’s a great option for low-cost, temporary roofs and is typically used for sheds, garages, or other structures where looks aren’t the main concern. The material is affordable, easy to install, and works especially well on flat roofs.
Built-up Roofing
If you’re looking for something a bit more robust, built-up roofing fits commercial buildings or low-slope residential roofs, especially in areas with high sun exposure. This type of roofing consists of many layers and is very durable and weather-resistant. It’s ideal for locations that need that extra bit of protection from the elements.
Membrane Roofing
For flat or low-slope roofs, particularly on commercial buildings, membrane roofing is a good choice. These roofs withstand extreme weather and are low-maintenance. You get a hassle-free option for durability and performance without much upkeep.
Asphalt Composite Shingles
Asphalt composite shingles are one of the most popular materials for pitched roofs on residential homes. They’re affordable, easy to install, and come in a wide variety of colors and styles, so you can choose the perfect fit for your home.
If you’re looking for something tried and tested that balances cost and performance, asphalt shingles are a solid option.
Standing Seam Metal Roofing
On the other hand, standing seam metal roofing is a great option for modern homes or commercial buildings. Its sleek, clean design is visually appealing and extremely durable. This type of roofing is perfect for areas with heavy snow or rain and is highly energy-efficient due to its reflective surface. It’s a bit of an investment upfront but is built to last.
Metal Shingles or Shakes
If you love the look of traditional shingles but want something that holds up better in harsh weather, metal shingles or shakes might be the way to go. These shingles combine the charm of wood or asphalt with the durability of metal. They’re low-maintenance, resistant to weather, and great for those who want a more sturdy option without sacrificing style.
Wood Shingles or Shakes
For a natural look, wood shingles or shakes are perfect, especially in coastal areas or places with a lot of rain. They have a beautiful, rustic look and give excellent insulation. However, they do need more maintenance than other materials, so they’re best for homeowners willing to take on a little extra care.
Clay Tile
For a more Mediterranean or Southwestern style, clay tiles are the go-to option. These tiles are fire-resistant, long-lasting, and give good insulation. They give homes a timeless look and work especially well in warmer climates, keeping the house cool.
Concrete Tile
Concrete tiles are similar to clay but are often more affordable. They’re durable, energy-efficient, and low-maintenance, and a great choice for homes in hot climates. They can stand up to extreme weather, and their longevity makes them a great investment for the long term.
Slate Shingles
For something luxurious and high-end, go for slate shingles, which are the epitome of elegance. Slate is durable, lasting for decades, sometimes even centuries. It’s fantastic for traditional homes and offers a stunning appearance, but it can be costly.
Synthetic Rubber Slate Tile
If you love the slate look but need something more budget-friendly, synthetic rubber slate tiles might be the answer. These tiles offer the same great look and durability of slate but are lighter and more cost-effective. They’re fire-resistant, long-lasting, and a more affordable option for homeowners who want slate without the scary price tag.
Living Roof
Finally, for green building or eco-friendly homes, living roofs are a popular choice. These roofs are covered with vegetation, giving insulation, cutting energy costs, and managing stormwater runoff. They also bring a beautiful, natural aesthetic to your home together with better air quality and biodiversity.
Comparison or Key Differences
Now that you know about different types of roofs and materials, it’s time to compare some key differences, so you can decide what works best for your home!
Flat vs Pitched Roofs vs Shingle Roofs
Making the final decision about the best roofing type, you’ll want to think about a few important factors: climate, budget, home design, and functionality. Let’s compare flat roofs, pitched roofs, and shingle roofs by these criteria.
Climate
- Flat roofs are perfect for warmer climates, keeping your home cool since they don’t trap as much heat as pitched roofs. Plus, they give an extra outdoor living space, which is great for rooftop gardens or decks.
- Pitched roofs are a better option, if you live in a place with heavy snow or rainfall. The steep slope lets rain and snow slide off, reducing the risk of leaks and water damage.
- Shingle roofs work well in a variety of climates, but they’re especially good in areas with moderate weather. Asphalt shingles shed water, which is ideal for rainy climates, though they may not be as effective in heavy snow or ice unless combined with a pitched roof.
Budget
- Flat roofs are more affordable to install because of their simple design. However, they tend to have a shorter lifespan than pitched roofs and need more maintenance. If you’re on a tight budget, flat roofs are a cost-effective choice, but keep in mind the extra care they may need over time.
- Pitched roofs come with higher upfront costs due to the more complex design and the materials required. But, their durability and longevity make them a better long-term investment. If you plan to stay in your home for a long time, this higher initial cost will pay off in fewer repairs and roof replacements over the years.
- Shingle roofs are one of the most affordable options for pitched roofs. They are inexpensive to install and need less labor. Even though they won’t last as long as metal or tile roofs, they offer solid performance at a lower price.
Home Design
- Flat roofs are best suited for modern or minimalist home designs. Their sleek, clean lines complement contemporary architecture and provide a sharp, urban look. If you’re aiming for a modern aesthetic, flat roofs fit well with this design.
- Pitched roofs are perfect for traditional or rustic homes. It’s a timeless design that works in a variety of settings like Colonial, Victorian, or farmhouse style.
- Shingle roofs are versatile and go well with almost any home design. They are available in many colors and materials, so you get plenty of options to match your current exterior.
Functionality
- Flat roofs give generous potential for usable space. You can turn a flat roof into a rooftop deck, garden, or even a living area, which is especially beneficial in cities with limited yard space.
- Pitched roofs are the choice of homeowners who need extra storage or living space. The attic space created by a pitched roof works well for storage or even converted into an extra room. Plus, the pitch of the roof helps with water drainage, so you don’t need to worry about pooling water or leaks.
- Shingle roofs are great if you don’t need extra living space but want reliable, functional roofing. Their primary function is to protect your home from the elements, and they do this job well when installed with the right pitch.
Gable Roofs vs Hip Roofs
Another common decision for homeowners to make is gable roofs or hip roofs:
- Design: Gable roofs are simpler, with two sloping sides that meet at a peak. Hip roofs, on the other hand, have four sloping sides that meet at a ridge and are more stable and resistant to wind.
- Wind resistance: Hip roofs are better for high-wind areas since the slope is more stable, but gable roofs are more prone to wind damage if not reinforced well.
- Aesthetic: Gable roofs have a more classic and open appearance, often seen in traditional homes. Hip roofs offer a more balanced, polished look and are typically found on more modern or custom-built homes.
- Cost: Gable roofs are less expensive to install due to their simpler design. Hip roofs usually cost more because of their complexity and the extra materials.
- Space: Gable roofs tend to give more attic space since the structure creates a triangle. Hip roofs, due to their design, give less usable attic space but offer extra support.
Metal Roofs vs. Asphalt Shingle Roofs
This is also a common choice when it comes to deciding on roofing material, as both are widely used:
- Durability: Metal roofs last up to 50 years or more, while asphalt shingles last 20-30 years.
- Cost: Asphalt shingles are more affordable upfront. Metal roofs cost more to install but last longer and need less maintenance.
- Energy: Metal roofs are more energy-efficient since they reflect heat, while asphalt shingles absorb heat.
- Maintenance: Metal roofs are lower maintenance, and asphalt shingles may need repair or replacement after storms or wear.
- Aesthetic: Metal roofs are modern and sleek. Asphalt shingles come in a variety of styles and colors, often suiting traditional homes better.
Open Valley vs. Closed Valley Roof
When you’re choosing a roof design, you might come across the terms open valley and closed valley. These refer to how the roof slopes meet at the valley, and each style works well for different cases:
- Costs: Open valley roofs are usually cheaper because they’re easier to install.
- Durability: Closed valley roofs are more durable because the shingles cover the valley and give extra protection against leaks.
- Weather: Open valleys might need more maintenance over time since they don’t protect as well from water.
- Aesthetic: Open valleys give a more modern, bold look, while closed valleys have a more classic feel.
- Maintenance: Closed valleys need less maintenance since they have better leak protection and hold up better over time.
Ready to Find the Perfect Roof for Your Home?
Choosing between the types of roof or material is a big deal for your home’s look and how well it works. Whether you’re leaning toward a flat roof, gable, or something else, there are so many options to match your style and climate.
Not sure which one’s best for you? At Boelter is Better, we’re happy to help you figure it out. We’ll walk you through your options and find the perfect roof for your home.
Give us a call today at Boelter is Better, and let’s make sure your roof is solid and ready to last!
FAQs
1. What is the most durable roofing material?
Slate shingles and metal roofs are two of the most durable materials, lasting 50 years or more with proper care.
2. How often should I replace my roof?
It depends on the material, but most roofs last between 15-50 years. Asphalt shingles may need replacement every 20-30 years, while metal or tile roofs last much longer.
3. What’s the best roofing material for hot climates?
Metal roofing and clay tiles are excellent for hot climates because they reflect heat and keep homes cooler.
4. How can I make my roof more energy-efficient?
Adding insulation, choosing reflective roofing materials, and installing a cool roof coating will improve your roof’s energy efficiency.
5. Can I install a new roof myself?
It’s possible to install a roof yourself, however, it’s best to hire a professional for safety and proper installation.
